Potential maritime spice trading routes from India to both Rome and Óc Eo, Vietnam.
Several previous posts have discussed the probable robust trade that existed between Rome and India. New evidence seems to confirm the ancient spice trade between India and Vietnam (a distance of 1394 km or 1985 miles) between 1800 and 2000 years ago.
By examining starch elements found on cooking tools, researchers found Cylon cinnamon from Sri Lanka and turmeric from India. Other spices found included nutmeg, ginger, clove, and nutmeg
Possible origin of spices found on cooking tools examined at Óc Eo.
Food preparation tools examined including mortars, pestles, and grinding slabs
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adh5517